Ignatius Press has published
On Conscience by Ratzinger. It's a few of his talks on the subject put into book form. Good stuff.
If you have access to the high school textbook
Our Moral Life in Christ from the Didache Series, chapter 4 is all about the conscience and it's formation (as is Chapter 2 of the
Semester Edition of the same title). The Semester edition, though shorter overall, actually has an expanded section on "How to Develop a Well-Formed Conscience" (pp. 52-54):
- "Learn the moral teachings of the Catholic Church."
- "Approach matters of faith and morals with an attitude of humility."
- "Engage in sincere prayer and meditation."
- "Develop and maintain a well-formed conscience through frequent and honest self-examination."
- "Participate frequently in the Sacrament of Reconciliation."
- "If possible, seek spiritual direction."
These are their bullet points, and they have explanations for each one. It seems like a good talk outline to me.